Answers Provided by Anthroposophy
Concerning the World and Life
GA 108
13 December 1908, Stuttgart
Translated by Hanna von Maltitz
19. The Rishis
Through our various embodiments we have different experiences. We discover different relationships with each incarnation and our own relationships develop accordingly between birth and death. Now the question can arise: are the experiences between death and a new birth always the same, even though the experiences in the physical are so varied? In other words, does life in Devachan at all times during physical development always remained the same? That there is also a possible history for the life on the Other Side, will be solved through the following.
Let's remind ourselves of the state of consciousness of the old Atlanteans who still saw physical objects indistinctly, with misty outlines, in their clairvoyant condition during the day—like a lantern in fog—and during the night were comrades of the Gods; for night and day were not strictly separated as today.
The most progressive Atlanteans who had largely lost their clairvoyant awareness and already saw physical things in sharp outlines, lived in the region of today's Ireland, under the high spiritual being called Manu. They moved about in separate troops, one of these under the direction of Manu, from west to east. Then the great Flood came and after that colonies were established from Central Asia. The first was the creation of the Indian culture.
For the old Indians who still carried memories of Atlantean times, who were still comrades of the Gods, experienced everything confronting them in the earthly realm, even the starts, as illusion, Maya. Links with the spiritual world which the Indians longed for was held up by the holy Rishis. They proclaimed the existence of the spiritual worlds. There were seven Rishis; they were disciples of Manu. They could only learn during certain times when they found themselves in a particular condition. They were the entire comfort, the whole force of the then Indian world; they narrated about the wonders and laws of the spiritual worlds. When people died, they went through as the Rishis had described, but only up to a certain height of Devachan, because only the initiated, the Rishi, could experience the whole of Devachan. Yet these people were sent at that time to work in life on the Other Side.
The initiates lived alternately in the physical and in the spiritual. Soon they taught the living, soon the dead, of the everlasting truth. People hadn't however grown fond of the physical plane: they saw the spiritual world as their real homeland and the holy Rishis hadn't told them much in yonder realms about life on earth. People on this side had no interest in the earthly.
During the second post Atlantic culture, the Persian, the first to start with agriculture, grew fonder of the physical plane. To the same measure a darkening awareness of the Other Side grew. Devachan became darker. People chose to claim the earth more. As a result some Zarathustra scholars pointed out the spiritual world using stronger words; but from this side of the world they couldn't say anything about the Other Side.
The third culture, the Egyptian, indicated an ever larger love for the physical plane. In the stars they studied the spiritual laws. Ever more they tried to impress things with spirit. The more skilled they became on earth, the more unskilled they were to cooperate spiritually on the Other Side.
A culmination point in cultivation on the physical plane is found in the Greek-Latin culture. Here the marriage between spiritual and physical was achieved. The Greek temple is the expression of spiritual laws. The Greek loved life. This means the Greek culture, but there is also something else. When a clairvoyant looks at a Greek temple today, for example that of Paestum, he experiences something extraordinary during his observation in the temple: he feels the wonderful harmonies through which the spiritual world is revealed. Now shift the clairvoyant occupied with this physical observation during this very moment of the wonderful experience of harmony within the artworks, into the spiritual world, and nothing is left over, nothing, even while the Greek temple is a complete expression of the spiritual world. This is what the Greek souls experience in death: they long for the pure harmonious expressions and constructions of the physical plane. The Romans, who experienced themselves strongly in life at the summit of their I-consciousness, were as if lamed, when they reached the Other Side. “Rather a beggar this side, than a king in the realm of shadows.” So the awareness of the opposite world was darkened. When the lovely things of this world were spoken about in the Realm of Shadows, it made them even unhappier. In life on this side more experiences could be had of the spiritual world, than in the Realm of Shades.
This fourth Cultural epoch was the time in which the upward striving impulse could be given towards the appearance of Christ. The meaning of the events of Golgotha we considered in August; now, for this “Other Side” we want to consider it today. In the very moment in which physical death took place on the Cross something happened in the Shadow World: Christ appeared before them. For the first time something could be reported over there, which was meaningful for the Other Side, that life in the spirit can defeat death. Like lightening the shadowed life was lit up in the other world. An enormous event took place on the Other Side: over here in life on earth something happened which also had meaning for the Other Side.
What now—in contrast to the first four cultural epochs—was being experienced, for example in St John's Gospel, had not been solved, how a human being [is] resurrect[ed] in spirit. However, from then on human beings take everything they have experienced and acquired on the physical plane as spiritual experiences, to the Other Side. The more people deepen themselves with occult knowledge of the Bible, the more will be taken to the Other Side. Before the Fourth Epoch, light shone decreasingly from the Other Side into life on this side. Now it is the reverse:

On yonder side is an ascending development which is becoming ever brighter.
The spiritual forces which are used today for inventions and discoveries, are used to generate external cultural means (Kulturmittel). It was different before: these forces used for research of the spiritual worlds had their laws. Today the spirit serves as a slave for material needs. All intelligence which has flowed into the steam engine and other inventions are building a hindrance for the spiritual world—an adverse balance! The opposite is the case with Anthroposophic work. That which is won here on earth serves to lighten up the world on the Other Side.
Christ appeared during the fourth Cultural Epoch, hence the Greek name Christos. In order for the appearance of Christ not to go unprepared, Moses and the prophets appeared. The announcement of the I-God, Jahve, was necessary in order for mankind to have a goal on which to hold fast. The event of Golgotha could only be understood through the proclamation of image-free gods. More about this tomorrow.
Aus Einem Kapitel Okkulter Geschichte Die Rishis
Die Menschen machen in ihren verschiedenen Verkörperungen immer andere Verhältnisse durch. Sie finden bei jeder Inkarnation andere Verhältnisse vor, und auch ihre eigenen Verhältnisse gestalten sich jedesmal entsprechend zwischen Geburt und Tod. Nun kann sich die Frage erheben: Sind die Erlebnisse zwischen Tod und neuer Geburt immer dieselben, da doch die Erlebnisse im Physischen so verschiedene sind? Mit anderen Worten: Ist das Leben im Devachan zu allen Zeiten physischer Entwickelung immer dasselbe gewesen? Daß es auch eine Geschichte für das Leben im Jenseitigen gibt, sollen folgende Erläuterungen zeigen.
Erinnern wir uns des Bewußtseinszustandes des alten Atlantiers, der noch in einem hellsichtigen Zustand bei Tage die physischen Gegenstände in schwachen, nebelhaften Konturen sah - Gleichnis von der Laterne im Nebel -, und der bei Nacht ein Genosse der Götter war; doch waren Tag und Nacht nicht strenge geschieden wie heute.
Der fortgeschrittenste Teil der Atlantier, also diejenigen, die ihr hellsichtiges Bewußtsein schon zum größten Teil verloren hatten und die Dinge um sich schon physisch in schärferen Konturen sehen konnten, sie wohnten in der Gegend des heutigen Irland unter einer hohen geistigen Wesenheit: Manu. Sie zogen in einzelnen Trupps, einer von diesen unter der Führung Manus, von Westen nach Osten. Dann kam die Sintflut. Nach dieser wurden von dem Zentrum in Mittelasien aus Kolonien gegründet. Die erste war die Begründung der indischen Kultur.
Für den alten Inder, der noch die Erinnerung an die Zeit der Atlantis in sich trug, wo er noch Genosse der Götter war, war das, was ihm im Irdischen gegenübertrat, Illusion, Maja, die ganze Umwelt, auch die Sterne. Die Verbindung mit der geistigen Welt, nach welcher der Inder sich sehnte, hielten die heiligen Rishis aufrecht. Sie verkündeten die Existenz der geistigen Welten. Man zählt sieben Rishis; sie waren die Schüler des Manu. Sie konnten nur zu gewissen Zeiten lehren, wenn sie sich in einem besonderen Zustand befanden. Dann waren sie hohen geistigen Wesenheiten ganz hingegeben. Sie waren der ganze Trost, die ganze Kraft der damaligen indischen Welt; sie erzählten von den Wundern und Gesetzen der geistigen Welten. Wenn die Menschen dann starben, so erlebten sie das, was die Rishis beschrieben hatten, zwar nur bis zu einer gewissen Höhe des Devachan, denn nur der Eingeweihte, der Rishi, erlebt das Devachan ganz. Aber geschickt waren die Menschen damals zur Arbeit im jenseitigen Leben.
Der Eingeweihte lebte abwechselnd im Irdischen und im Geistigen. Bald lehrte er den Lebenden, bald den Toten die ewige Wahrheit. Die Menschen aber hatten den physischen Plan noch nicht liebgewonnen: Sie betrachteten die geistige Welt als ihre eigentliche Heimat und die heiligen Rishis hatten ihnen im Jenseits nicht viel zu erzählen vom Diesseits. Die Menschen im Jenseitigen hatten kein Interesse am Irdischen.
In der zweiten nachatlantischen Kultur, der persischen, wo zuerst der Ackerbau auftritt, hatten die Menschen den physischen Plan schon lieber gewonnen. Im selben Maße jedoch verdunkelte sich das Bewußtsein im Jenseitigen. Das Devachan wurde dunkler. Die Menschen mußten ja das Irdische immer lieber gewinnen. Daher mußten die Zarathustra-Schüler mit stärkerer Sprache hinweisen auf die geistige Welt; aber in der jenseitigen Welt konnten sie nichts erzählen vom Diesseits.
Die dritte Kultur, die ägyptische, zeigt noch größere Liebe zum physischen Plane. In den Sternen studierte man die Gesetze des Geistigen. Immer mehr versuchten die Menschen, den Dingen ihren Geist aufzuprägen. Je geschickter aber die Menschen im Irdischen geworden waren, um so ungeschickter wurden sie im Jenseitigen zur geistigen Mitarbeit.
Ein Höhepunkt in der Beherrschung des irdischen Plans ist die griechisch-lateinische Kultur. Da hatte sich die Ehe des Geistigen mit dem Physischen vollzogen. Der griechische Tempel ist der Ausdruck der geistigen Gesetze. Die Griechen liebten das Leben. Das bedeutet die griechische Kultur; aber sie bedeutet noch etwas anderes. Wenn heute ein Hellseher auf einen griechischen Tempel blickt, zum Beispiel den von Paestum, so erlebt er bei der Betrachtung etwas Besonderes an diesem Tempel: man fühlt die herrlichen Harmonien, in denen sich das geistige Leben ausprägt. Versetzt sich nun der Hellsehende von diesem physischen Betrachten, in dem Moment der herrlichen Empfindung der Harmonien dieses Kunstwerks, in die geistige Welt, so bleibt nichts übrig, nichts, eben weil der griechische Tempel ein so vollkommener Ausdruck der geistigen Welt ist. Dieses erlebte die griechische Seele im Tod; sie sehnte sich nach den reinen harmonischen Ausdrücken und Gebilden des physischen Planes. Der Römer, der sich auf dem Gipfel seines Ich-Bewußtseins stark fühlte im Leben, war wie gelähmt, wenn er ins Jenseits kam. «Lieber ein Bettler im Diesseits, als ein König im Reiche der Schatten.» - Also schattenhaft war damals das Bewußtsein der jenseitigen Welt. Wenn die herrlichen Dinge dieser Welt im Reich der Schatten erzählt worden wären, es hätte diese Wesen nur noch unglücklicher gemacht. Im diesseitigen Leben konnten die Menschen mehr erfahren vom Geistigen als im Jenseits, im Schattenreich.
Diese vierte Kultur war die Zeit, da der Impuls nach oben gegeben wurde durch das Erscheinen des Christus. Die Bedeutung des Ereignisses von Golgatha haben wir im August geschildert; für das Jenseits wollen wir es heute tun. - In dem Moment nämlich, wo der physische Tod am Kreuze eintritt, da geschieht etwas in der Welt der Schatten: Der Christus erschien bei ihnen. Zum ersten Male konnte drüben etwas berichtet werden, was von Bedeutung war für das Jenseits, nämlich, daß das Leben im Geiste den Tod besiegen kann. Blitzartig leuchtete das schattenhaft gewordene Leben der jenseitigen Welt auf. Das gewaltigste Ereignis fürs Jenseits war geschehen: drüben im Diesseits gibt es etwas, was auch fürs Jenseits eine Bedeutung hat.
Was jetzt - im Gegensatz zu den ersten vier Kulturen - der Mensch erlebt, zum Beispiel am Johannes-Evangelium, das ist nicht ausgelöscht, wenn er ins Geistige kommt. Von jetzt an nimmt der Mensch alles mit hinüber, was er im physichen Plane geistig empfunden und erworben hat. Je mehr man sich in die tiefen okkulten Wahrheiten der Bibel vertiefen wird, um so mehr wird man hinübernehmen ins Jenseits. Vor der vierten Kultur leuchtete langsam abnehmend das Jenseits ins Diesseits hinein. Jetzt ist es umgekehrt:

Im Jenseits ist jetzt eine aufsteigende Entwickelung, es wird immer heller.
Die geistigen Kräfte, die heute zu Erfindungen und Entdeckungen verbraucht werden, dienen nur dazu, äußerliche Kulturmittel zu erzeugen. Anders früher: da dienten diese Kräfte zur Erforschung der geistigen Welt und ihrer Gesetze. Heute dient der Geist als Sklave den materiellen Bedürfnissen. All die Intelligenz, die in die Dampfmaschinen und andere Erfindungen geflossen ist, bildet einen Hemmschuh für die geistige Welt - eine Unterbilanz! Das Gegenteil ist der Fall bei der anthroposophischen Arbeit. Das, was da im Irdischen gewonnen wird, dient zur Erleuchtung der jenseitigen Welt.
Der Christus erschien in der vierten Kulturepoche, deshalb der griechische Name Christus. Damit jedoch die Erscheinung des Christus die Menschen nicht unvorbereitet treffe, erschienen Moses und die Propheten. Die Verkündigung des Ich-Gottes, des Jahve, ist nötig gewesen, damit er etwas habe als Ziel, an dem er festhalten kann. Das Ereignis von Golgatha konnte nur verstanden werden durch die Verkündigung des bilderlosen Gottes. Davon morgen.
From a Chapter on Occult History The Rishis
In their various incarnations, human beings always experience different circumstances. With each incarnation, they encounter different circumstances, and their own circumstances also take shape accordingly between birth and death. Now the question may arise: Are the experiences between death and rebirth always the same, since the experiences in the physical world are so different? In other words: Has life in Devachan always been the same throughout all periods of physical development? The following explanations will show that there is also a history of life in the beyond. Let us recall the state of consciousness of the ancient Atlanteans, who during the day, while still in a clairvoyant state, saw physical objects in faint, misty contours—like lanterns in the fog—and at night were companions of the gods; but day and night were not strictly separated as they are today.
The most advanced part of the Atlanteans, that is, those who had already lost most of their clairvoyant consciousness and could see things around them physically in sharper contours, lived in the region of present-day Ireland under a high spiritual being: Manu. They moved in separate groups, one of them under the leadership of Manu, from west to east. Then came the Flood. After this, colonies were founded from the center in Central Asia. The first was the founding of Indian culture.
For the ancient Indian, who still carried within himself the memory of the time of Atlantis, when he was still a companion of the gods, what confronted him in the earthly world was illusion, Maya, the entire environment, even the stars. The connection with the spiritual world, for which the Indian longed, was maintained by the holy Rishis. They proclaimed the existence of spiritual worlds. There were seven rishis; they were the disciples of Manu. They could only teach at certain times when they were in a special state. Then they were completely devoted to high spiritual beings. They were the whole comfort, the whole strength of the Indian world at that time; they told of the wonders and laws of the spiritual worlds. When people died, they experienced what the Rishis had described, but only up to a certain level of Devachan, for only the initiated, the Rishi, experiences Devachan in its entirety. But people at that time were skilled at working in the afterlife. The initiated lived alternately in the earthly and the spiritual worlds. He taught the eternal truth, sometimes to the living, sometimes to the dead. But people had not yet grown fond of the physical plane: they regarded the spiritual world as their true home, and the holy Rishis had little to tell them in the afterlife about life on earth. The people in the afterlife had no interest in earthly matters.
In the second post-Atlantean culture, the Persian culture, where agriculture first appeared, people had already grown to love the physical plane. However, to the same extent, consciousness in the beyond became clouded. The Devachan became darker. People had to grow to love the earthly plane more and more. Therefore, the disciples of Zarathustra had to point to the spiritual world with stronger language; but in the world beyond, they could tell nothing about this world. The third culture, the Egyptian, shows even greater love for the physical plane. The laws of the spiritual were studied in the stars. People increasingly tried to imprint their spirit on things. But the more skilled people became in earthly matters, the less skilled they became in spiritual cooperation in the beyond. A high point in the mastery of the earthly plane is the Greek-Latin culture. There, the marriage of the spiritual and the physical had been consummated. The Greek temple is the expression of spiritual laws. The Greeks loved life. That is what Greek culture means, but it also means something else. When a clairvoyant looks at a Greek temple today, for example the one in Paestum, he experiences something special about this temple: one feels the wonderful harmonies in which spiritual life is expressed. If the clairvoyant now transports himself from this physical observation, at the moment of the wonderful sensation of the harmonies of this work of art, into the spiritual world, nothing remains, nothing, precisely because the Greek temple is such a perfect expression of the spiritual world. This is what the Greek soul experienced in death; it longed for the pure harmonious expressions and forms of the physical plane. The Roman, who felt strong in life at the peak of his ego-consciousness, was paralyzed when he entered the afterlife. “Better to be a beggar in this world than a king in the realm of shadows.” So shadowy was the consciousness of the world beyond at that time. If the glorious things of this world had been told in the realm of shadows, it would only have made these beings even more unhappy. In this life, people could learn more about the spiritual than in the afterlife, in the shadow realm.
This fourth culture was the time when the upward impulse was given through the appearance of Christ. We described the significance of the event at Golgotha in August; today we will do the same for the beyond. For at the moment when physical death occurs on the cross, something happens in the world of shadows: Christ appeared among them. For the first time, something could be reported from the other side that was significant for the afterlife, namely that life in the spirit can conquer death. The shadow-like life of the world beyond flashed into light. The most momentous event for the afterlife had taken place: over there in this world, there is something that also has meaning for the afterlife.
What human beings now experience, in contrast to the first four cultures, for example in the Gospel of John, is not erased when they enter the spiritual realm. From now on, human beings take with them everything they have spiritually felt and acquired on the physical plane. The more one delves into the deep occult truths of the Bible, the more one will take with one to the beyond. Before the fourth culture, the beyond shone slowly and increasingly less into this world. Now it is the other way around:

In the beyond, there is now an upward development; it is becoming ever brighter.
The spiritual forces that are used today for inventions and discoveries serve only to produce external cultural means. It was different in the past: then these forces served to explore the spiritual world and its laws. Today, the spirit serves as a slave to material needs. All the intelligence that has gone into steam engines and other inventions is a stumbling block for the spiritual world—a deficit! The opposite is true of anthroposophical work. What is gained in the earthly realm serves to enlighten the world beyond. Christ appeared in the fourth cultural epoch, hence the Greek name Christ. However, so that the appearance of Christ would not take people unprepared, Moses and the prophets appeared. The proclamation of the I-God, Yahweh, was necessary so that people would have something to hold on to as a goal. The event at Golgotha could only be understood through the proclamation of the imageless God. More on that tomorrow.